What LaTeX is
A LaTeX table is a tabular environment: a column specification, ampersands between cells and double backslashes at the end of each row.
Academic papers, theses and anything typeset with LaTeX or written in Overleaf.
What AsciiDoc is
AsciiDoc tables are delimited by |=== and take a cols attribute describing the columns.
Antora documentation sites, and technical writing teams that outgrew Markdown.
What changes when you convert LaTeX to AsciiDoc
The tabular body is read, rules are dropped, and escaped characters are unescaped. Text wrapped in textbf or emph is reduced to the text itself.
The header option is set so the first row renders as a header row rather than data.
What carries over from LaTeX to AsciiDoc
AsciiDoc can express everything LaTeX holds about a table, so this conversion is about shape rather than loss.
This is the direction that recovers structure: LaTeX has no table in it to read, only an arrangement that looks like one, so the rows and columns are inferred rather than read.
The identifier 007 comes out of the AsciiDoc as 007. Reading it as a number would have made it 7, and an id that changes value is worse than one that stays text.
The role "Analyst, data" survives with its comma, in one cell rather than split across two. That is the first thing to check in any converted table, and the usual place a AsciiDoc file goes wrong.
The quotes around Jonah "Jo" Pryce are left as a plain quote character in the AsciiDoc.