What XML is
XML marks up data with nested named tags and optional attributes. It is verbose, strict about being well-formed, and can carry a schema that says what shape a document must have.
Enterprise integrations, government data feeds, RSS, SOAP services and older document formats.
What TSV is
TSV is CSV with tabs instead of commas. Because tabs almost never appear inside a value, quoting is rarely needed and the files are easier to read by eye.
Bioinformatics, log processing, and anyone who has copied a block of cells out of a spreadsheet: the clipboard format is TSV.
What changes when you convert XML to TSV
The first repeating element is treated as the rows. Attributes are read alongside child elements and prefixed so they do not collide with a same-named tag. Nesting one level deep becomes dotted column names; deeper structures are kept as text.
Pick TSV over CSV when your values contain commas. Pasting the result straight into a spreadsheet fills the cells correctly with no import dialog.
What carries over from XML to TSV
XML records 3 things about a table that TSV has no way to hold.
An empty cell and a missing one are the same thing in TSV, so a null and an empty string in the XML both come out blank and can no longer be told apart.
XML can hold a value that is itself a list or an object. TSV has only flat cells, so nested values are flattened into one cell rather than being spread across columns.
A line break inside a cell ends the row in TSV, so line breaks are replaced rather than carried through.
The keys stop being repeated: TSV writes the column names once at the top, so the same table takes noticeably less space.
The identifier 007 comes out of the TSV as 007. Reading it as a number would have made it 7, and an id that changes value is worse than one that stays text.
The role "Analyst, data" survives with its comma, in one cell rather than split across two. That is the first thing to check in any converted table, and the usual place a TSV file goes wrong.
The quotes around Jonah "Jo" Pryce are doubled, which is how the delimited formats escape a quote in the TSV.