What LaTeX is
A LaTeX table is a tabular environment: a column specification, ampersands between cells and double backslashes at the end of each row.
Academic papers, theses and anything typeset with LaTeX or written in Overleaf.
What HTML is
An HTML table is a table element containing thead and tbody, with th cells for headers and td cells for data.
Web pages, email templates and anything pasted into a CMS.
What changes when you convert LaTeX to HTML
The tabular body is read, rules are dropped, and escaped characters are unescaped. Text wrapped in textbf or emph is reduced to the text itself.
Semantic markup: a real thead, a real tbody, th for the header row. Angle brackets and ampersands in your data are escaped, so a value like <script> is written safely and shows as text on the page.
What carries over from LaTeX to HTML
HTML can express everything LaTeX holds about a table, so this conversion is about shape rather than loss.
This is the direction that recovers structure: LaTeX has no table in it to read, only an arrangement that looks like one, so the rows and columns are inferred rather than read.
The identifier 007 comes out of the HTML as 007. Reading it as a number would have made it 7, and an id that changes value is worse than one that stays text.
The role "Analyst, data" survives with its comma, in one cell rather than split across two. That is the first thing to check in any converted table, and the usual place a HTML file goes wrong.
The quotes around Jonah "Jo" Pryce are written as the HTML entity " in the HTML.