What LaTeX is
A LaTeX table is a tabular environment: a column specification, ampersands between cells and double backslashes at the end of each row.
Academic papers, theses and anything typeset with LaTeX or written in Overleaf.
What SQL is
SQL here means the statements that move a table into a database: INSERT INTO with a VALUES list, and optionally the CREATE TABLE that defines the columns.
Anyone seeding a database, moving a spreadsheet into an application, or writing a migration.
What changes when you convert LaTeX to SQL
The tabular body is read, rules are dropped, and escaped characters are unescaped. Text wrapped in textbf or emph is reduced to the text itself.
String values are escaped by doubling any single quote. Statements are written in batches so a large table does not become one statement megabytes long, which many clients refuse. Ask for CREATE TABLE as well and column types are inferred: a column stays INT until a value does not fit, then widens to DECIMAL, then to VARCHAR.
What carries over from LaTeX to SQL
LaTeX records 2 things about a table that SQL has no way to hold.
SQL wants a type for each column, and LaTeX does not record one, so each column is typed from what its values look like. A column of digits that should stay text - a zip code, a phone number, a leading-zero id - is the usual thing to check afterwards.
LaTeX can hold a value that is itself a list or an object. SQL has only flat cells, so nested values are flattened into one cell rather than being spread across columns.
Anything visual in the LaTeX - weight, alignment, colour, column widths - has no counterpart in SQL and is dropped. The values are what survives.
The result can be read a record at a time, and appended to by adding to the end of it. That is worth having for a table too large to hold in memory, and it means a SQL file that is cut off part way through still gives you every record before the cut.
This is the direction that recovers structure: LaTeX has no table in it to read, only an arrangement that looks like one, so the rows and columns are inferred rather than read.
The identifier 007 comes out of the SQL as 007. Reading it as a number would have made it 7, and an id that changes value is worse than one that stays text.
The role "Analyst, data" survives with its comma, in one cell rather than split across two. That is the first thing to check in any converted table, and the usual place a SQL file goes wrong.
The quotes around Jonah "Jo" Pryce are left as a plain quote character in the SQL.