What Plain Text is
Plain text here means columns lined up with spaces, the way a command line tool prints a table.
Terminal output, log files, fixed-width exports from older systems.
What MATLAB is
MATLAB cell arrays combined into a table with the table() function.
Engineering and research code.
What changes when you convert Plain Text to MATLAB
Two shapes are handled. If the same character positions are blank on every line, those gutters are treated as column boundaries, so values containing single spaces stay intact. Otherwise the lines are split on runs of whitespace.
One cell array per column, then a single table() call. Column names are sanitised to valid variable names.
What carries over from Plain Text to MATLAB
MATLAB can express everything plain text holds about a table, so this conversion is about shape rather than loss.
MATLAB wants a type for each column, and plain text does not record one, so each column is typed from what its values look like. A column of digits that should stay text - a zip code, a phone number, a leading-zero id - is the usual thing to check afterwards.
MATLAB marks its header cells differently from its data cells, so the first row is written with that marker.
The identifier 007 comes out of the MATLAB as 007. Reading it as a number would have made it 7, and an id that changes value is worse than one that stays text.
The role "Analyst, data" survives with its comma, in one cell rather than split across two. That is the first thing to check in any converted table, and the usual place a MATLAB file goes wrong.
The quotes around Jonah "Jo" Pryce are left as a plain quote character in the MATLAB.