What Plain Text is
Plain text here means columns lined up with spaces, the way a command line tool prints a table.
Terminal output, log files, fixed-width exports from older systems.
What JSON Lines is
JSON Lines is one complete JSON object per line, with no enclosing array and no commas between records. The file is not valid JSON as a whole, and that is the point.
Log pipelines, machine learning datasets and anything that appends records or reads them in a stream.
What changes when you convert Plain Text to JSON Lines
Two shapes are handled. If the same character positions are blank on every line, those gutters are treated as column boundaries, so values containing single spaces stay intact. Otherwise the lines are split on runs of whitespace.
Every row becomes one line. You can append to the file forever without rewriting it, and a reader can process it a line at a time without holding the whole thing in memory.
What carries over from Plain Text to JSON Lines
One property of the plain text has no home in JSON Lines, and it is worth knowing which before you convert.
JSON Lines wants a type for each column, and plain text does not record one, so each column is typed from what its values look like. A column of digits that should stay text - a zip code, a phone number, a leading-zero id - is the usual thing to check afterwards.
JSON Lines has no header row. The column names are repeated as keys on every record instead, which is why the result is bigger on disk than the table it came from.
The identifier 007 comes out of the JSON Lines as 007. Reading it as a number would have made it 7, and an id that changes value is worse than one that stays text.
The role "Analyst, data" survives with its comma, in one cell rather than split across two. That is the first thing to check in any converted table, and the usual place a JSON Lines file goes wrong.
The quotes around Jonah "Jo" Pryce are escaped with a backslash in the JSON Lines.